mindmap root((惩罚)) punish implies the imposing of a penalty for violation of law, disobedience, or wrongdoing: ~ed for stealing. chastise may apply to either the infliction of corporal punishment or to verval censure or denunciation: ~d his son for neglecting his studies. （inflict使承受苦难伤害等， inflict某人使别人遭受，afflict某物使别人遭受） （censure正式批评, denounce公开批评，参见2017-04-14 批评criticize-denounce） castigate implies a severe, typically public lashing with words: an editorial ~ing the entire city council. chasten suggests any infliction or trial that leaves one humbled or subdued but improved or strengthened: a stunning election defeat that left him ~ed. discipline implies a punishing or chastising in order to bring or keep under control: the duty of parents to ~ their children. correct implies a punishing aimed at reforming an offender: the function of prison is to ~ the wrongdoer.